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<blockquote data-quote="al97" data-source="post: 151596" data-attributes="member: 29424"><p>20 Sep - Commercial Awareness - Energy and Tech</p><p>Topic: China’s vs US, Raw Materials vs AI</p><p><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/8af8c05c-8e54-40e9-9051-5a0b2b036c32" target="_blank">https://www.ft.com/content/8af8c05c-8e54-40e9-9051-5a0b2b036c32</a></p><p><a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/The-Big-Story/China-s-green-tech-giants-link-supply-chains-to-Southeast-Asia?n_cid=NARAN219&utm_source=Financial_Times_web_ad&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=BA_Asia_news_reader&utm_content=Content_Carousel" target="_blank">https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/The-Big-Story/China-s-green-tech-giants-link-supply-chains-to-Southeast-Asia?n_cid=NARAN219&utm_source=Financial_Times_web_ad&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=BA_Asia_news_reader&utm_content=Content_Carousel</a></p><p></p><p></p><p>Today’s topic is an intersection of energy and tech because the subject is a critical material that is used in the manufacturing process of both computing chips and vehicles. </p><p></p><p>China imposed new export controls on graphite yesterday. It does not ban export altogether, but importing countries will need to apply for special permits and hand over commercially sensitive information. </p><p>It was perceived to be a retaliation in response to the Biden Administration’s tightened export control on chip technology announced a few days ago.</p><p></p><p>Biden’s export control on chips to China</p><p></p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">The export control targets US-based companies, such as Nvidia and other chip manufacturers, by adding barriers to exacerbate the difficulty of selling their chips to China</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">US is explicitly clear about their intention to cut off China’s access to AI that are critical in military purpose. </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">The old control set 2 threshold: power and chips’ talking speed</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">The new controls prohibit sale to Chinese data centre that can operate at 300 teraflops (speed measuring unit).</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">After the announcement, NVIDIA sees a drop of 6% in their revenue from China. In response, NVIDIA designed lower-performing chips that meet the performance threshold set by the US, the H100 and A100 chips. NVIDIA’s CEO is not supportive of US’s export control. </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">The new rules also extends to chipmaking tools. ASML sells manufacturing equipment, a VERY specific type of machine that is used to manufacture machines used to manufacture chips. </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">However, chips used for smartphones and gaming are exempted, but companies still need to notify the government if their chips operates more than 300 teraflops </li> </ul><p></p><p>China’s export control on graphite to US</p><p></p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">China’s dominance on graphite > dominance on battery production > dominance on electrical vehicle supply chain </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Currently, China dominates 70% of the global supply of graphite (including both natural graphite and synthetic graphite), a staggering jump from 58% last year. They are the largest producer and exporter. They also refined 90% of the world’s graphite to anode (negative side of batteries), which is virtually relied upon by the whole of battery manufacturing industries. </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Earlier in July, China also announced similar restrictions on gallium and germanium, which are used in microchips and electrical vehicles </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">What can we anticipate in the business world? From my speculative POV, China will probably suffer a cut as their revenue comes from export. Also, the West will probably race to lock sales with batteries suppliers out of China in their race to Net Zero. </li> </ul><p></p><p>China with Southeast Asia</p><p></p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Top 3 buyers of Chinese Graphite are US, South Korea, and Poland. Other smaller buyers in the top 10 include Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">The latter countries are located in Southeast Asia, which is an emerging region that China is growing closer to. Recent deals that China includes: China’s $4.2bn investment into building a waste-to-energy plant in Malaysia; Widodo $7.3bn investment into Indonesia’s highspeed railway, which is a part of China’s Road-Belt initiative </li> </ul></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="al97, post: 151596, member: 29424"] 20 Sep - Commercial Awareness - Energy and Tech Topic: China’s vs US, Raw Materials vs AI [URL]https://www.ft.com/content/8af8c05c-8e54-40e9-9051-5a0b2b036c32[/URL] [URL]https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/The-Big-Story/China-s-green-tech-giants-link-supply-chains-to-Southeast-Asia?n_cid=NARAN219&utm_source=Financial_Times_web_ad&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=BA_Asia_news_reader&utm_content=Content_Carousel[/URL] Today’s topic is an intersection of energy and tech because the subject is a critical material that is used in the manufacturing process of both computing chips and vehicles. China imposed new export controls on graphite yesterday. It does not ban export altogether, but importing countries will need to apply for special permits and hand over commercially sensitive information. It was perceived to be a retaliation in response to the Biden Administration’s tightened export control on chip technology announced a few days ago. Biden’s export control on chips to China [LIST] [*]The export control targets US-based companies, such as Nvidia and other chip manufacturers, by adding barriers to exacerbate the difficulty of selling their chips to China [*]US is explicitly clear about their intention to cut off China’s access to AI that are critical in military purpose. [*]The old control set 2 threshold: power and chips’ talking speed [*]The new controls prohibit sale to Chinese data centre that can operate at 300 teraflops (speed measuring unit). [*]After the announcement, NVIDIA sees a drop of 6% in their revenue from China. In response, NVIDIA designed lower-performing chips that meet the performance threshold set by the US, the H100 and A100 chips. NVIDIA’s CEO is not supportive of US’s export control. [*]The new rules also extends to chipmaking tools. ASML sells manufacturing equipment, a VERY specific type of machine that is used to manufacture machines used to manufacture chips. [*]However, chips used for smartphones and gaming are exempted, but companies still need to notify the government if their chips operates more than 300 teraflops [/LIST] China’s export control on graphite to US [LIST] [*]China’s dominance on graphite > dominance on battery production > dominance on electrical vehicle supply chain [*]Currently, China dominates 70% of the global supply of graphite (including both natural graphite and synthetic graphite), a staggering jump from 58% last year. They are the largest producer and exporter. They also refined 90% of the world’s graphite to anode (negative side of batteries), which is virtually relied upon by the whole of battery manufacturing industries. [*]Earlier in July, China also announced similar restrictions on gallium and germanium, which are used in microchips and electrical vehicles [*]What can we anticipate in the business world? From my speculative POV, China will probably suffer a cut as their revenue comes from export. Also, the West will probably race to lock sales with batteries suppliers out of China in their race to Net Zero. [/LIST] China with Southeast Asia [LIST] [*]Top 3 buyers of Chinese Graphite are US, South Korea, and Poland. Other smaller buyers in the top 10 include Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. [*]The latter countries are located in Southeast Asia, which is an emerging region that China is growing closer to. Recent deals that China includes: China’s $4.2bn investment into building a waste-to-energy plant in Malaysia; Widodo $7.3bn investment into Indonesia’s highspeed railway, which is a part of China’s Road-Belt initiative [/LIST] [/QUOTE]
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